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Infection and Immunity, January 2006, p. 794-797, Vol. 74, No. 1
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.1.794-797.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Correlation between Lethal Toxin-Neutralizing Antibody Titers and Protection from Intranasal Challenge with Bacillus anthracis Ames Strain Spores in Mice after Transcutaneous Immunization with Recombinant Anthrax Protective Antigen

Kristina K. Peachman,1 Mangala Rao,1 Carl R. Alving,1* Robert Burge,2 Stephen H. Leppla,3 Venigalla B. Rao,4 and Gary R. Matyas1

Department of Vaccine Production and Delivery, Division of Retrovirology, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850,1 Division of Biometrics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland,2 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland,3 The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C.4

Received 20 May 2005/ Returned for modification 7 September 2005/ Accepted 24 October 2005

Transcutaneous immunization of mice with recombinant protective antigen (rPA) of Bacillus anthracis resulted in significantly higher lethal toxin-neutralizing antibody titers than did intramuscular injection of alum-adsorbed rPA. Immunized mice were partially protected against intranasal challenge with 235,000 (10 50% lethal doses) Ames strain B. anthracis spores. A highly significant correlation was observed between toxin-neutralizing antibody titer and survival after challenge. Future experiments with rabbits and nonhuman primates should confirm the significance of protection by this vaccine strategy.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Vaccine Production and Delivery, Division of Retrovirology, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 1600 East Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850. Phone: (301) 251-5061. Fax: (301) 762-7460. E-mail: calving{at}hivresearch.org.

Editor: A. D. O'Brien

Infection and Immunity, January 2006, p. 794-797, Vol. 74, No. 1
0019-9567/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.74.1.794-797.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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