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Infection and Immunity, May 2007, p. 2469-2475, Vol. 75, No. 5
0019-9567/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.01972-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Live Attenuated Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains Induce Serotype-Independent Mucosal and Systemic Protection in Mice{triangledown}

Aoife M. Roche,1 Samantha J. King,3 and Jeffrey N. Weiser1,2*

Departments of Microbiology,1 Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104,2 Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Columbus Children's Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio 432053

Received 15 December 2006/ Returned for modification 21 January 2007/ Accepted 18 February 2007

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen causing both mucosal (otitis media and pneumonia) and systemic (sepsis and meningitis) diseases. Due to increasing rates of antibiotic resistance, there is an urgent need to improve prevention of pneumococcal disease. Two currently licensed vaccines have been successful in reducing pneumococcal disease, but there are limitations with their use and effectiveness. Another approach for prevention is the use of live attenuated vaccines. Here we investigate the safety and protection induced by live attenuated strains of S. pneumoniae containing combinations of deletions in genes encoding three of its major virulence determinants: capsular polysaccharide (cps), pneumolysin (ply), and pneumococcal surface protein A (pspA). Both the cps and ply/pspA mutants of a virulent type 6A isolate were significantly attenuated in a mouse model of sepsis. These attenuated strains retained the ability to colonize the upper respiratory tract. A single intranasal administration of live attenuated vaccine without adjuvant was sufficient to induce both systemic and mucosal protection from challenge with a high dose of the parent strain. Immunization with cps mutants demonstrated cross-protective immunity following challenge with a distantly related isolate. Serum and mucosal antibody titers were significantly increased in mice immunized with the vaccine strains, and this antibody is required for full protection, as µMT mice, which do not make functional, specific antibody, were not protected by immunization with vaccine strains. Thus, colonization by live attenuated S. pneumoniae is a potentially safe and less complex vaccine strategy that may offer broad protection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: 402A Johnson Pavilion, Departments of Microbiology and Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6076. Phone: (215) 573-3511. Fax: (215) 898-9557. E-mail: weiser{at}mail.med.upenn.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 5 March 2007.

Editor: A. Camilli

Infection and Immunity, May 2007, p. 2469-2475, Vol. 75, No. 5
0019-9567/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.01972-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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