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Infection and Immunity, July 2007, p. 3490-3497, Vol. 75, No. 7
0019-9567/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.00119-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of Commensal Bacterial Strains That Modulate Yersinia enterocolitica and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Inflammatory Responses: Implications for the Development of Probiotics{triangledown}

Julia S. Frick,* Kerstin Fink, Frauke Kahl, Maria J. Niemiec, Matteo Quitadamo, Katrin Schenk, and Ingo B. Autenrieth

Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

Received 24 January 2007/ Returned for modification 13 March 2007/ Accepted 22 April 2007

An increasing body of evidence suggests that probiotic bacteria are effective in the treatment of enteric infections, although the molecular basis of this activity remains elusive. To identify putative probiotics, we tested commensal bacteria in terms of their toxicity, invasiveness, inhibition of Yersinia-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo, and modulation of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The commensal bacteria Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides distasonis, and Streptococcus salivarius were screened for adhesion to, invasion of, and toxicity for host epithelial cells (EC), and the strains were tested for their ability to inhibit Y. enterocolitica-induced NF-{kappa}B activation. Additionally, B. adolescentis was administered to mice orally infected with Y. enterocolitica and to mice with mucosae impaired by DSS treatment. None of the commensal bacteria tested was toxic for or invaded the EC. B. adolescentis, B. distasonis, B. vulgatus, and S. salivarius inhibited the Y. enterocolitica-induced NF-{kappa}B activation and interleukin-8 production in EC. In line with these findings, B. adolescentis-fed mice had significantly lower results for mean pathogen burden in the visceral organs, intestinal tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA expression, and loss of body weight upon oral infection with Y. enterocolitica. In addition, the administration of B. adolescentis decelerated inflammation upon DSS treatment in mice. We suggest that our approach might help to identify new probiotics to be used for the treatment of inflammatory and infectious gastrointestinal disorders.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 6, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany. Phone: 49 7071 29 81528. Fax: 49 7071 29 4972. E-mail: julia-stefanie.frick{at}med.uni-tuebingen.de

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 7 May 2007.

Editor: J. B. Bliska

Infection and Immunity, July 2007, p. 3490-3497, Vol. 75, No. 7
0019-9567/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/IAI.00119-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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