Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Effect of CD40L-293 cells and CD40LT on intracellular growth of M. avium in MDM. M. avium-infected MDM were cocultured with CD40L-293 cells or CD40LT in the presence and absence of MAbs against CD40L and CD40 for up to 7 days. Intracellular growth of M. avium was assessed by the CFU assay on days 1, 3, and 7 after infection. Each condition was tested in triplicate, and results are expressed as mean CFU per well ± SD. (A) M. avium-infected MDM cultured with CD40L-293 cells; (B) M. avium-infected MDM cultured with CD40L-293 cells or control pcDNA-293 cells in the presence and absence of MAb against CD40L (10 μg/ml), CD40 (10 μg/ml), or control mouse IgG κ chain (10 μg/ml); (C) M. avium-infected MDM cultured with recombinant CD40LT at 1 or 5 μg/ml or medium alone; (D) M. avium-infected MDM cultured with CD40LT in the presence and absence of MAb against CD40L (10 μg/ml), CD40 (10 μg/ml), or control mouse IgG κ chain (10 μg/ml). Results shown are representative of three experiments.
- Fig. 2.
IL-12 (p70) production by M. avium-infected MDM cocultured with CD40L-293 cells. M. avium-infected MDM and uninfected MDM were cultured with medium alone, pcDNA-293 cells, or CD40L-293 cells. On days 1, 3, and 7 after infection, culture supernatants were collected and assayed for IL-12 (p70) by ELISA. Experiments were done in triplicate, and results are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗, P < 0.03 compared to M. avium-infected MDM cultured with pcDNA-293 cells.
- Fig. 3.
M. avium growth in mice treated with anti-CD40L MAb. Mice were infected with 106 M. avium and treated with MR1 (anti-CD40L MAb) or control IgG.M. avium growth in the spleen, liver, and lungs was determined by the CFU assay on day 35. Results shown are mean of CFU per organ ± SD. ∗, P < 0.01 compared to CFU in the organs of M. avium-infected mice treated with control hamster IgG.
- Fig. 4.
Mycobacterial burden in tissue from M. avium-infected mice treated with anti-CD40L MAb. Mice were infected with M. avium and treated with anti-CD40L MAb or control IgG. Mice from both groups were sacrificed on day 35. The spleen was collected from each mouse, sectioned (5 μm), and stained with Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast stain to visualize mycobacteria. The sections were viewed at a magnification of ×630. Shown are spleen sections from M. avium-infected mice treated with control IgG (A) and anti-CD40L MAb (B). Arrowheads indicate acid-fast bacilli.
- Fig. 5.
Histopathology of tissue sections from liver and spleen of M. avium-infected mice. Mice were infected with M. avium and treated with anti-CD40L MAb or control IgG. Mice from both groups were sacrificed on day 35. The spleen and liver was collected from each mouse, sectioned (5 μm), and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The sections were viewed at a magnification of ×100. (A) Spleen from uninfected mouse showing intact white pulp; (B) spleen from M. avium-infected mouse treated with control IgG showing the disrupted white pulp; (C) spleen from M. avium-infected mouse treated with anti-CD40L MAb also showing disrupted white pulp; (D) liver from uninfected mouse; (E) liver from control IgG-treated M. avium-infected mouse showing granulomas; (F) liver from anti-CD40L treated M. avium-infected mouse showing granulomas.
