Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG. 1.
Adhesion of S. aureus V329 and m556 to immobilized fibrinogen (A) and fibronectin (B). Wells in ELISA plates were coated with different concentrations of human fibrinogen or fibronectin. Adherence of strain V329 and the Bap mutant m556 was indicated by staining with crystal violet and measuring the absorbance at 570 nm. Data are the average results ± standard deviations of triplicate determinations. Background values of bacteria adhering to BSA-coated wells were subtracted.
- FIG. 2.
Adhesion of Bap-positive S. aureus Newman and P1 strains to immobilized fibrinogen (A) and fibronectin (B). Data are the average results ± standard deviations of triplicate determinations of the increase of bacterial adherence to uncoated versus protein-coated surfaces. (C) Biofilm formation of the complemented S. aureus Newman and P1 strains. ∗, P < 0.001 (t tests).
- FIG. 3.
Visualization of ClfA protein (A) and FnBPs (B) by Western blotting and ligand affinity blots, respectively. Positions of protein size markers are shown at the left of each panel. Bands corresponding to native and truncated ClfA proteins, FnBPs, and Spa are identified. Similar amounts of ClfA, FnBPs, and protein A released into the supernatant by protoplasts stabilized in raffinose were observed in V329 and m556.
- FIG. 4.
Ultrathin sections of Bap-positive and Bap-negative strains. Note the presence of extracellular polysaccharide material (arrow) stained with alcian blue in S. aureus V329, in contrast to what is seen in biofilm-negative mutant m556. Magnification, ×34,000.
- FIG. 5.
Adherence of S. aureus strains to a mammary gland section. Magnification, ×200. A, lumen of mammary gland; B, epithelial layer; C, connective tissue.
Tables
- TABLE 1.
Bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study
Strain or plasmid Genotype Relevant properties Source or reference S. aureus strains RN4220 Restriction-deficient 8325-4 mutant 22 Newman Expresses clumping factor 8 DU5944 Newman clfA2::Tn917 Emr clfB::Tcr Deficient in clumping factors A and B 29 P1 Expresses FnBPs 37 P1 FnBP− P1 fnbA::Tcr fnbB::Emr Deficient in FnBPA and -B T. J. Foster V329 Expresses Bap 7 m556 V329 bap::Tn917 Emr Deficient in Bap 7 SA113 Expresses PIA/PNSG 6 SA113Δica SA113 ΔicaADBC::Tcr Deficient in PIA/PNSG 6 Plasmids pBT2 Shuttle plasmid 3 pBT2:Bap pBT2 with bap gene 7
