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Microbial Immunity and Vaccines

A Monoclonal Antibody That Conveys In Vitro Killing and Partial Protection in Experimental Syphilis Binds a Phosphorylcholine Surface Epitope of Treponema pallidum

David R. Blanco, Cheryl I. Champion, Alek Dooley, David L. Cox, Julian P. Whitelegge, Kym Faull, Michael A. Lovett
David R. Blanco
1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
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  • For correspondence: dblanco@mednet.ucla.edu
Cheryl I. Champion
1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
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Alek Dooley
2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, The Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
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David L. Cox
4Division of STD Laboratory Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
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Julian P. Whitelegge
2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, The Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
3Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
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Kym Faull
2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, The Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
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Michael A. Lovett
1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
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DOI: 10.1128/IAI.73.5.3083-3095.2005
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ABSTRACT

Immunization with purified Treponema pallidum outer membrane vesicles (OMV) has previously resulted in high-titer complement-dependent serum bactericidal activity. In this study, OMV immunization resulted in the isolation of a monoclonal antibody, M131, with complement-dependent killing activity. Passive immunization of rabbits with M131 administered intravenously conferred significant immunity demonstrated by the failure of syphilitic lesions to appear at 29% of intradermal challenge sites (7/24) and a mean delay of approximately 8 days to lesion appearance at the remaining sites (17/24). M131 not only bound to OMV and to the surfaces of intact motile T. pallidum cells but also bound to organisms whose outer membranes were removed, indicating both surface and subsurface locations for the killing target. This target was determined to be a T. pallidum lipid. Lipid extracted from T. pallidum and made into liposomes bound M131. Reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography separation and fraction collection mass spectrometry (LC-MS+) of T. pallidum lipid showed that the target of M131 was phosphorylcholine. M131 binding required both liposome formation and a critical concentration of phospholipid containing phosphorylcholine, suggesting that the epitope has both a conformational and a compositional requirement. M131 did not react with red blood cells, which have phosphorylcholine-containing lipids in their exterior membrane leaflets, or with Venereal Disease Research Laboratory antigen that also contains phosphorylcholine, further indicating the specificity of M131. This is the first physical demonstration of an antigen on the T. pallidum surface and indication that such a surface antigen can be a target of immunity.

  • Copyright © 2005 American Society for Microbiology
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A Monoclonal Antibody That Conveys In Vitro Killing and Partial Protection in Experimental Syphilis Binds a Phosphorylcholine Surface Epitope of Treponema pallidum
David R. Blanco, Cheryl I. Champion, Alek Dooley, David L. Cox, Julian P. Whitelegge, Kym Faull, Michael A. Lovett
Infection and Immunity Apr 2005, 73 (5) 3083-3095; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.73.5.3083-3095.2005

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A Monoclonal Antibody That Conveys In Vitro Killing and Partial Protection in Experimental Syphilis Binds a Phosphorylcholine Surface Epitope of Treponema pallidum
David R. Blanco, Cheryl I. Champion, Alek Dooley, David L. Cox, Julian P. Whitelegge, Kym Faull, Michael A. Lovett
Infection and Immunity Apr 2005, 73 (5) 3083-3095; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.73.5.3083-3095.2005
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KEYWORDS

Antibodies, Monoclonal
Antigens, Surface
phosphorylcholine
Syphilis
Treponema pallidum

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