Publisher's Expression of Concern: Lactobacillus bulgaricus Prevents Intestinal Epithelial Cell Injury Caused by Enterobacter sakazakii-Induced Nitric Oxide both In Vitro and in the Newborn Rat Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

The American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and Infection and Immunity (IAI) are issuing this Expression of Concern to alert readers to questions that have been raised about the integrity of the data in the following publication:

Hunter CJ, Williams M, Petrosyan M, Guner Y, Mittal R, Mock D, Upperman JS, Ford HR, Prasadarao NV. 2009. Lactobacillus bulgaricus prevents intestinal epithelial cell injury caused by Enterobacter sakazakii-induced nitric oxide both in vitro and in the newborn rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis. Infect Immun 77:1031–1043. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01192-08. Published ahead of print 15 December 2008.

IAI has been notified by a reader about possible duplication of cell images and Western blot bands in Fig. 1C, 2D, 5A, and 5B. ASM has reviewed the figures and confirmed evidence of apparent duplication. This Expression of Concern is issued pending the outcome of an institutional investigation.