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Microbial Immunity and Vaccines

Oral Application of Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores to Dogs Results in a Humoral Response against Specific Echinococcus granulosus Paramyosin and Tropomyosin Antigens

Cédric M. Vogt, Maria Teresa Armúa-Fernández, Kurt Tobler, Monika Hilbe, Claudio Aguilar, Mathias Ackermann, Peter Deplazes, Catherine Eichwald
Nancy E. Freitag, Editor
Cédric M. Vogt
aInstitute of Virology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Maria Teresa Armúa-Fernández
bInstitute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kurt Tobler
aInstitute of Virology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Monika Hilbe
cLaboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Claudio Aguilar
drqmicro Ltd., ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
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Mathias Ackermann
aInstitute of Virology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Peter Deplazes
bInstitute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Catherine Eichwald
aInstitute of Virology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Nancy E. Freitag
University of Illinois at Chicago
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DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00495-17
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ABSTRACT

Bacillus subtilis is known as an endospore- and biofilm-forming bacterium with probiotic properties. We have recently developed a method for displaying heterologous proteins on the surface of B. subtilis biofilms by introducing the coding sequences of the protein of interest into the bacterial genome to generate a fusion protein linked to the C terminus of the biofilm matrix protein TasA. Although B. subtilis is a regular component of the gut microflora, we constructed a series of recombinant B. subtilis strains that were tested for their ability to be used to immunize dogs following oral application of the spores. Specifically, we tested recombinant spores of B. subtilis carrying either the fluorescent protein mCherry or else selected antigenic peptides (tropomyosin and paramyosin) from Echinococcus granulosus, a zoonotic intestinal tapeworm of dogs and other carnivores. The application of the recombinant B. subtilis spores led to the colonization of the gut with recombinant B. subtilis but did not cause any adverse effect on the health of the animals. As measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting, the dogs were able to develop a humoral immune response against mCherry as well as against E. granulosus antigenic peptides. Interestingly, the sera of dogs obtained after immunization with recombinant spores of E. granulosus peptides were able to recognize E. granulosus protoscoleces, which represent the infective form of the head of the tapeworms. These results represent an essential step toward the establishment of B. subtilis as an enteric vaccine agent.

FOOTNOTES

    • Received 14 July 2017.
    • Returned for modification 2 October 2017.
    • Accepted 5 December 2017.
    • Accepted manuscript posted online 11 December 2017.
  • Supplemental material for this article may be found at https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00495-17.

  • Copyright © 2018 American Society for Microbiology.

All Rights Reserved.

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Oral Application of Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores to Dogs Results in a Humoral Response against Specific Echinococcus granulosus Paramyosin and Tropomyosin Antigens
Cédric M. Vogt, Maria Teresa Armúa-Fernández, Kurt Tobler, Monika Hilbe, Claudio Aguilar, Mathias Ackermann, Peter Deplazes, Catherine Eichwald
Infection and Immunity Feb 2018, 86 (3) e00495-17; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00495-17

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Oral Application of Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores to Dogs Results in a Humoral Response against Specific Echinococcus granulosus Paramyosin and Tropomyosin Antigens
Cédric M. Vogt, Maria Teresa Armúa-Fernández, Kurt Tobler, Monika Hilbe, Claudio Aguilar, Mathias Ackermann, Peter Deplazes, Catherine Eichwald
Infection and Immunity Feb 2018, 86 (3) e00495-17; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00495-17
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KEYWORDS

Bacillus subtilis
Echinococcus granulosus
antigen specificity
biofilms
endospores
intestinal colonization
intestinal immunity
mucosal immunity
oral immunization
parasite

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