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Microbial Immunity and Vaccines | Spotlight

Intratracheal Inoculation with Brucella melitensis in the Pregnant Guinea Pig Is an Improved Model for Reproductive Pathogenesis and Vaccine Studies

Martha E. Hensel, Sankar P. Chaki, Lauren Stranahan, Anthony E. Gregory, Erin J. van Schaik, Daniel G. Garcia-Gonzalez, Omar Khalaf, James E. Samuel, Angela M. Arenas-Gamboa
Guy H. Palmer, Editor
Martha E. Hensel
aDepartment of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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  • ORCID record for Martha E. Hensel
Sankar P. Chaki
aDepartment of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Lauren Stranahan
aDepartment of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Anthony E. Gregory
bDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Erin J. van Schaik
bDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Daniel G. Garcia-Gonzalez
aDepartment of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Omar Khalaf
aDepartment of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
cDepartment of Veterinary Pathology and Poultry Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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James E. Samuel
bDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Angela M. Arenas-Gamboa
aDepartment of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Guy H. Palmer
Washington State University
Roles: Editor
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DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00204-20
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ABSTRACT

Reproductive failure is the hallmark of brucellosis in animals. An uncommon but important complication in pregnant women who become acutely infected with Brucella melitensis is spontaneous pregnancy loss or vertical transmission to the fetus. Unfortunately, the mechanism behind reproductive failure is still obscure, partially due to the lack of a proper study model. Recently, it was demonstrated that intratracheal (IT) inoculation of nonpregnant guinea pigs would replicate features of clinical disease in humans. To determine if IT inoculation would induce reproductive disease, guinea pigs were infected at mid-gestation and monitored daily for fever and abortions. Fever developed between day 14 to 18 postinoculation, and by 3 weeks postinoculation, 75% of pregnant guinea pigs experienced stillbirths or spontaneous abortions mimicking natural disease. Next, to investigate the guinea pig as a model for evaluating vaccine efficacy during pregnancy, nonpregnant guinea pigs were vaccinated with S19, 16MΔvjbR + Quil-A, or 100 μl PBS + Quil-A (as control). Guinea pigs were bred and vaccinated guinea pigs were challenged at mid-gestation with B. melitensis IT inoculation and monitored for fever and abortions. Vaccination with both vaccines prevented fever and protected against abortion. Together, this study indicates that pregnant guinea pigs are an appropriate animal model to study reproductive disease and offer an improved model to evaluate the ability of vaccine candidates to protect against a serious manifestation of disease.

FOOTNOTES

    • Received 6 April 2020.
    • Returned for modification 13 May 2020.
    • Accepted 10 July 2020.
    • Accepted manuscript posted online 20 July 2020.
  • Supplemental material is available online only.

  • Copyright © 2020 American Society for Microbiology.

All Rights Reserved.

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Intratracheal Inoculation with Brucella melitensis in the Pregnant Guinea Pig Is an Improved Model for Reproductive Pathogenesis and Vaccine Studies
Martha E. Hensel, Sankar P. Chaki, Lauren Stranahan, Anthony E. Gregory, Erin J. van Schaik, Daniel G. Garcia-Gonzalez, Omar Khalaf, James E. Samuel, Angela M. Arenas-Gamboa
Infection and Immunity Sep 2020, 88 (10) e00204-20; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00204-20

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Intratracheal Inoculation with Brucella melitensis in the Pregnant Guinea Pig Is an Improved Model for Reproductive Pathogenesis and Vaccine Studies
Martha E. Hensel, Sankar P. Chaki, Lauren Stranahan, Anthony E. Gregory, Erin J. van Schaik, Daniel G. Garcia-Gonzalez, Omar Khalaf, James E. Samuel, Angela M. Arenas-Gamboa
Infection and Immunity Sep 2020, 88 (10) e00204-20; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00204-20
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KEYWORDS

Brucella melitensis
intratracheal inoculation
aerosol inoculation
guinea pig
pregnant
vaccines

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