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Neural Immune Communication in the Control of Host-Bacterial Pathogen Interactions in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Valerie Ramirez, Samantha Swain, Kaitlin Murray, Colin Reardon
Anthony R. Richardson, Editor
Valerie Ramirez
aDepartment. of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
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Samantha Swain
aDepartment. of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
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Kaitlin Murray
aDepartment. of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
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Colin Reardon
aDepartment. of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
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Anthony R. Richardson
University of Pittsburgh
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DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00928-19
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ABSTRACT

The orchestration of host immune responses to enteric bacterial pathogens is a complex process involving the integration of numerous signals, including from the nervous system. Despite the recent progress in understanding the contribution of neuroimmune interactions in the regulation of inflammation, the mechanisms and effects of this communication during enteric bacterial infection are only beginning to be characterized. As part of this neuroimmune communication, neurons specialized to detect painful or otherwise noxious stimuli can respond to bacterial pathogens. Highlighting the complexity of these systems, the immunological consequences of sensory neuron activation can be either host adaptive or maladaptive, depending on the pathogen and organ system. These are but one of many types of neuroimmune circuits, with the vagus nerve and sympathetic innervation of numerous organs now known to modulate immune cell function and therefore dictate immunological outcomes during health and disease. Here, we review the evidence for neuroimmune communication in response to bacterial pathogens, and then discuss the consequences to host morbidity and mortality during infection of the gastrointestinal tract.

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Neural Immune Communication in the Control of Host-Bacterial Pathogen Interactions in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Valerie Ramirez, Samantha Swain, Kaitlin Murray, Colin Reardon
Infection and Immunity Aug 2020, 88 (9) e00928-19; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00928-19

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Neural Immune Communication in the Control of Host-Bacterial Pathogen Interactions in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Valerie Ramirez, Samantha Swain, Kaitlin Murray, Colin Reardon
Infection and Immunity Aug 2020, 88 (9) e00928-19; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00928-19
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  • Top
  • Article
    • ABSTRACT
    • INTRODUCTION
    • SENSORY NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS
    • ROLES OF SENSORY AFFERENTS IN BACTERIAL INFECTION
    • VAGAL AFFERENTS AND THEIR ROLE IN BACTERIAL INFECTION
    • VAGAL EFFERENT NEURONS AND THEIR ROLE IN IMMUNE REGULATION AND BACTERIAL INFECTION
    • SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION
    • ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
    • REFERENCES
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

KEYWORDS

gastrointestinal inflammation
host defense
neuroimmunology
sensory neurons
vagus nerve
cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
enteric nervous system
enteric bacterial pathogens
Citrobacter
enteric pathogens
gastrointestinal infection

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