Table 3.

CEME-related peptides inhibit LTA-stimulated production of TNF and IL-6 by RAW 264.7 cells^a

Peptide	% Inhibition of cytokine induction (± SE) by:
	E. coli LPS (100 ng/ml)^b		S. aureusLTA				B. subtilis LTA (1 μg/ml)		S. pyogenes LTA (1 μg/ml)
	E. coli LPS (100 ng/ml)^b		100 ng/ml		1 μg/ml		B. subtilis LTA (1 μg/ml)		S. pyogenes LTA (1 μg/ml)
	TNF	IL-6	TNF	IL-6	TNF	IL-6	TNF	IL-6	TNF	IL-6
PB	98	98	99 ± 1	98 ± 1	96 ± 1	93 ± 4	93 ± 2	91 ± 1	97 ± 1	99 ± 1
CP26	90	90	48 ± 19	76 ± 1	52 ± 12	50 ± 15	23 ± 17	42 ± 11	68 ± 3	78 ± 6
CEME	94	76	99 ± 1	92 ± 2	86 ± 10	92 ± 6	90 ± 2	94 ± 2	96 ± 1	98 ± 1
CEMA	90	82	94 ± 4	97 ± 2	91 ± 4	87 ± 2	86 ± 2	88 ± 1	96 ± 1	97 ± 2
CP29	98	96	99 ± 1	95 ± 3	90 ± 2	95 ± 3	76 ± 14	89 ± 4	96 ± 1	99 ± 1
CM5	42	44	65 ± 2	88 ± 1	64 ± 12	73 ± 8	77 ± 1	67 ± 3	80 ± 4	75 ± 5
CM7	99	95	99 ± 1	95 ± 1	96 ± 2	95 ± 4	83 ± 4	91 ± 6	90 ± 4	94 ± 5
CP203	98	90	98 ± 1	99 ± 1	90 ± 2	93 ± 3	70 ± 14	77 ± 12	87 ± 6	93 ± 3
CP207	97	93	92 ± 6	96 ± 1	83 ± 3	84 ± 10	72 ± 15	73 ± 12	69 ± 11	89 ± 3
CP208	0	7	46 ± 5	61 ± 1	14 ± 8	19 ± 9	26 ± 8	29 ± 5	23 ± 9	37 ± 13
CPα2	93	94	97 ± 1	89 ± 6	89 ± 5	85 ± 3	83 ± 5	88 ± 6	93 ± 1	95 ± 2

↵a RAW 264.7 cells were cultured with the indicated concentrations of LTA from different bacteria in the presence or absence of the various CEME-related peptides (20 μg/ml) or polymyxin B (PB; 20 μg/ml). After 6 h, cell supernatants were collected and analyzed for TNF-α and IL-6 content by ELISA. With the exception of those for E. coli, the data are presented as mean percent inhibition of cytokine production ± the standard error of the mean for triplicate samples. The 100% value ranged from 16 to 20 ng/ml for LPS and from 9 to 12 ng/ml for LTA. Values for medium-only controls as well as medium plus peptide were always less than 0.3 ng/ml.
↵b Data taken from reference (22).