apoptosis
Fungal and Parasitic InfectionsSTAT3 Promotes Schistosome-Induced Liver Injury by Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Proliferation, and Apoptosis Signal PathwaySchistosomiasis is a parasitic helminth disease that can cause organ lesions leading to health damage. During a schistosome infection, schistosome eggs can flow into the liver along the portal vein.
Host Response and InflammationChlamydia Lipooligosaccharide Has Varied Direct and Indirect Roles in Evading both Innate and Adaptive Host Immune ResponsesChlamydia bacteria are obligate intracellular pathogens which can cause a variety of disease in humans and other vertebrate animals. To successfully complete its life cycle, Chlamydia must evade both intracellular innate immune responses and adaptive cytotoxic T cell responses. Here, we report on the role of the chlamydial lipooligosaccharide (LOS) in evading the immune response. Chlamydia infection is known...
Host Response and InflammationDepletion of Alveolar Macrophages Increases Pulmonary Neutrophil Infiltration, Tissue Damage, and Sepsis in a Murine Model of Acinetobacter baumannii PneumoniaAcinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an important etiological agent of hospital-related infections, especially nosocomial pneumonia. The virulence factors of this bacterium and their interactions with the cells and molecules of the immune system just recently began to be extensively studied. Here, we investigated the impact of alveolar macrophages on...
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsCoxiella burnetii Requires Host Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2α Activity for Efficient Intracellular ReplicationCoxiella burnetii is the causative agent of human Q fever, eliciting symptoms that range from acute fever and fatigue to chronic fatal endocarditis. C. burnetii is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium that replicates within an acidic lysosome-like parasitophorous vacuole (PV) in human macrophages...
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsApoptosis Functions in Defense against Infection of Mammalian Cells with Environmental ChlamydiaeApoptotic cell death can be an efficient defense reaction of mammalian cells infected with obligate intracellular pathogens; the host cell dies and the pathogen cannot replicate. While this is well established for viruses, there is little experimental support for such a concept in bacterial infections. All Chlamydiales are obligate intracellular bacteria, and different species infect vastly different hosts....
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsStenotrophomonas maltophilia Encodes a VirB/VirD4 Type IV Secretion System That Modulates Apoptosis in Human Cells and Promotes Competition against Heterologous Bacteria, Including Pseudomonas aeruginosaStenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen. S. maltophilia is also a risk factor for lung exacerbations in cystic fibrosis patients. S. maltophilia attaches to various mammalian cells, and we...
Host Response and InflammationDietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Promote Neutrophil Accumulation in the Spleen by Altering Chemotaxis and Delaying Cell DeathNeutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocytes in humans and are essential for the defense against invading pathogens. Like many other cells of an organism, neutrophils can be highly influenced by the diet. We have previously described that mice fed a high-fat diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (HFD-P) present a higher frequency of neutrophils in bone marrow than mice fed a high-fat diet rich in saturated fatty acids (...
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsMethamphetamine Impairs IgG1-Mediated Phagocytosis and Killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by J774.16 Macrophage- and NR-9640 Microglia-Like CellsThe prevalence of methamphetamine (METH) use is estimated at ∼35 million people worldwide, with over 10 million users in the United States. Chronic METH abuse and dependence predispose the users to participate in risky behaviors that may result in the acquisition of HIV and AIDS-related infections.
- Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsCell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis Require Jun N-Terminal Protein Kinase- and p53-Mediated p38 Activation in Human Trophoblasts
- Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsDiaphorina citri Nymphs Are Resistant to Morphological Changes Induced by “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” in Midgut Epithelial Cells