cytotoxicity
Molecular PathogenesisRab5a Promotes Cytolethal Distending Toxin B-Induced Cytotoxicity and InflammationThe cytolethal distending toxin B subunit (CdtB) induces significant cytotoxicity and inflammation in many cell types that are involved in the pathogenesis of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study tested the potential role of Rab small GTPase 5a (Rab5a) in the process. We tested mRNA and protein expression of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β [IL-1β] and...
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsAchromobacter xylosoxidans Cellular Pathology Is Correlated with Activation of a Type III Secretion SystemAchromobacter xylosoxidans is increasingly recognized as a colonizer of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, but the role that A. xylosoxidans plays in pathology remains unknown. This knowledge gap is largely due to the lack of model systems available to study the toxic potential of this bacterium....
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsSalmonella enterica Effectors SifA, SpvB, SseF, SseJ, and SteA Contribute to Type III Secretion System 1-Independent Inflammation in a Streptomycin-Pretreated Mouse Model of ColitisSalmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) induces inflammatory changes in the ceca of streptomycin-pretreated mice. In this mouse model of colitis, the type III secretion system 1 (T3SS-1) has been shown to induce rapid inflammatory change in the cecum at early points, 10 to 24 h after infection. Five proteins, SipA, SopA, SopB, SopD, and SopE2...
Bacterial InfectionsRetention of EsxA in the Capsule-Like Layer of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Associated with Cytotoxicity and Is Counteracted by Lung SurfactantMycobacterium tuberculosis, the pathogen that causes tuberculosis, primarily infects macrophages but withstands the host cell’s bactericidal effects. EsxA, also called virulence factor 6-kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT-6), is involved in phagosomal rupture and cell death.
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesGranzyme B Is an Essential Mediator in CD8+ T Cell Killing of Theileria parva-Infected CellsThere is established evidence that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are important mediators of immunity against the bovine intracellular protozoan parasite Theileria parva. However, the mechanism by which the specific CD8+ T cells kill parasitized cells is not understood.
- Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions | SpotlightCytosolic Delivery of Multidomain Cargos by the N Terminus of Pasteurella multocida Toxin
The zoonotic pathogen Pasteurella multocida produces a 146-kDa modular toxin (PMT) that enters host cells and manipulates intracellular signaling through action on its Gα protein targets. The N terminus of PMT (PMT-N) mediates cellular uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis, followed by the delivery of the C-terminal catalytic domain from acidic endosomes into...
- Host Response and InflammationDownmodulation of Effector Functions in NK Cells upon Toxoplasma gondii Infection