Escherichia coli
MinireviewTaming the Beast: Interplay between Gut Small Molecules and Enteric PathogensThe overuse of antibiotics has led to the evolution of drug-resistant bacteria that are becoming increasingly dangerous to human health. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, antibiotic-resistant bacteria cause at least 2 million illnesses and 23,000 deaths in the United States annually. Traditionally, antibiotics are bactericidal or bacteriostatic agents that place selective pressure on bacteria, leading to the...
Bacterial InfectionsBacterial Microcompartment-Mediated Ethanolamine Metabolism in Escherichia coli Urinary Tract InfectionUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and in general are caused by intestinal uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) ascending via the urethra. Microcompartment-mediated catabolism of ethanolamine, a host cell breakdown product, fuels the competitive overgrowth of intestinal E. coli, both...
Molecular PathogenesisLoss of Trefoil Factor 2 Sensitizes Rat Pups to Systemic Infection with the Neonatal Pathogen Escherichia coli K1Gastrointestinal (GI) colonization of 2-day-old (P2) rat pups with Escherichia coli K1 results in translocation of the colonizing bacteria across the small intestine, bacteremia, and invasion of the meninges, with animals frequently succumbing to lethal infection. Infection, but not colonization, is strongly age dependent; pups become progressively less susceptible to...
Molecular PathogenesisShiga Toxin Type 1a (Stx1a) Reduces the Toxicity of the More Potent Stx2a In Vivo and In VitroShiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes foodborne outbreaks of bloody diarrhea. There are two major types of immunologically distinct Stxs: Stx1a and Stx2a.
Host Response and InflammationDiffusely Adherent Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Healthy Carriers Suppress Cytokine Secretions of Epithelial Cells Stimulated by Inflammatory SubstancesDiarrheagenicity of diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) remains controversial. Previously, we found that motile DAEC strains isolated from diarrheal patients induced high levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion via Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5).
Bacterial Infections | SpotlightDextran Sulfate Sodium Colitis Facilitates Colonization with Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli: a Novel Murine Model for the Study of Shiga ToxicosisShiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) bacteria are globally important gastrointestinal pathogens causing hemorrhagic gastroenteritis with variable progression to potentially fatal Shiga toxicosis. Little is known about the potential effects of E. coli-derived Shiga-like toxins (STXs) on host...
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsEspH Suppresses Erk by Spatial Segregation from CD81 Tetraspanin MicrodomainsEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) belongs to a group of enteric human pathogens known as attaching-and-effacing (A/E) pathogens, which utilize a type III secretion system (T3SS) to translocate a battery of effector proteins from their own cytoplasm into host intestinal epithelial cells. Here we identified EspH to be an effector that prompts the recruitment of...
- Bacterial Infections | SpotlightUrine Cytokine and Chemokine Levels Predict Urinary Tract Infection Severity Independent of Uropathogen, Urine Bacterial Burden, Host Genetics, and Host Age
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections worldwide. Diagnosing UTIs in older adults poses a significant challenge as asymptomatic colonization is common.
- Host-Associated Microbial CommunitiesGut Microbiome Analysis Identifies Potential Etiological Factors in Acute Gastroenteritis
- Host Response and InflammationHepcidin Protects against Lethal Escherichia coli Sepsis in Mice Inoculated with Isolates from Septic Patients