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Infection and Immunity
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gastrointestinal infection

  • Bile Salts Differentially Enhance Resistance of Enterohemorrhagic <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> O157:H7 to Host Defense Peptides
    Molecular Pathogenesis
    Bile Salts Differentially Enhance Resistance of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Host Defense Peptides

    During passage through the human gastrointestinal tract, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is exposed to membrane-damaging bile in the small intestine. We previously reported that EHEC treatment with a physiological bile salt mixture upregulates basRS, encoding a two-component system, and arnBCADTEF, encoding the aminoarabinose lipid A...

    Crystal Gadishaw-Lue, Alyssa Banaag, Sarah Birstonas, Aju-Sue Francis, Debora Barnett Foster
  • Secretion of c-di-AMP by <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Listeria monocytogenes</span> Leads to a STING-Dependent Antibacterial Response during Enterocolitis
    Host Response and Inflammation | Spotlight
    Secretion of c-di-AMP by Listeria monocytogenes Leads to a STING-Dependent Antibacterial Response during Enterocolitis

    Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) acts as a cytoplasmic signaling hub of innate immunity that is activated by host-derived or bacterially derived cyclic dinucleotides. Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne, facultative intracellular pathogen that secretes c-di-AMP and activates STING, yet the in vivo role of the STING pathway during bacterial...

    Alexander Louie, Varaang Bhandula, Daniel A. Portnoy
  • Neural Immune Communication in the Control of Host-Bacterial Pathogen Interactions in the Gastrointestinal Tract
    Minireview
    Neural Immune Communication in the Control of Host-Bacterial Pathogen Interactions in the Gastrointestinal Tract

    The orchestration of host immune responses to enteric bacterial pathogens is a complex process involving the integration of numerous signals, including from the nervous system. Despite the recent progress in understanding the contribution of neuroimmune interactions in the regulation of inflammation, the mechanisms and effects of this communication during enteric bacterial infection are only beginning to be characterized. As part of...

    Valerie Ramirez, Samantha Swain, Kaitlin Murray, Colin Reardon
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterococcus faecalis</span> Manganese Exporter MntE Alleviates Manganese Toxicity and Is Required for Mouse Gastrointestinal Colonization
    Molecular Pathogenesis | Spotlight
    Enterococcus faecalis Manganese Exporter MntE Alleviates Manganese Toxicity and Is Required for Mouse Gastrointestinal Colonization

    Bacterial pathogens encounter a variety of nutritional environments in the human host, including nutrient metal restriction and overload. Uptake of manganese (Mn) is essential for Enterococcus faecalis growth and virulence; however, it is not known how this organism prevents Mn toxicity. In this study, we examine the role of the highly conserved MntE transporter in...

    Ling Ning Lam, Jun Jie Wong, Kelvin Kian Long Chong, Kimberly A. Kline
  • Aging Dampens the Intestinal Innate Immune Response during Severe <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Clostridioides difficile</span> Infection and Is Associated with Altered Cytokine Levels and Granulocyte Mobilization
    Host Response and Inflammation | Spotlight
    Aging Dampens the Intestinal Innate Immune Response during Severe Clostridioides difficile Infection and Is Associated with Altered Cytokine Levels and Granulocyte Mobilization

    Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile is the most common cause of hospital-acquired infection, and advanced age is a risk factor for C. difficile infection. Disruption of the intestinal microbiota and immune responses contribute to host susceptibility and severity of C...

    Lisa Abernathy-Close, Michael G. Dieterle, Kimberly C. Vendrov, Ingrid L. Bergin, Krishna Rao, Vincent B. Young
  • Diffusely Adherent <em>Escherichia coli</em> Strains Isolated from Healthy Carriers Suppress Cytokine Secretions of Epithelial Cells Stimulated by Inflammatory Substances
    Host Response and Inflammation
    Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Healthy Carriers Suppress Cytokine Secretions of Epithelial Cells Stimulated by Inflammatory Substances

    Diarrheagenicity of diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) remains controversial. Previously, we found that motile DAEC strains isolated from diarrheal patients induced high levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion via Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5).

    Yoshihiko Tanimoto, Sayaka Tamai, Takehiro Matsuzaki, Narumi Takeuchi, Takumi Noju, Saki Yanagida, Eriko Kage-Nakadai, Yoshihiro Yamaguchi, Toshio Kodama, Shota Nakamura, Daisuke Motooka, Tetsuya Iida, Yoshikazu Nishikawa
  • Open Access
    Molecular Pathogenesis
    Chlamydia muridarum Genital and Gastrointestinal Infection Tropism Is Mediated by Distinct Chromosomal Factors
    Sandra G. Morrison, Amanda M. Giebel, Evelyn C. Toh, Horace J. Spencer, David E. Nelson, Richard P. Morrison
  • Host Response and Inflammation
    The Host Antimicrobial Protein Calgranulin C Participates in the Control of Campylobacter jejuni Growth via Zinc Sequestration
    Janette M. Shank, Brittni R. Kelley, Joseph W. Jackson, Jessica L. Tweedie, Dana Franklin, Steven M. Damo, Jennifer A. Gaddy, Caitlin N. Murphy, Jeremiah G. Johnson
  • Microbial Immunity and Vaccines
    Nonpathogenic Colonization with Chlamydia in the Gastrointestinal Tract as Oral Vaccination for Inducing Transmucosal Protection
    Luying Wang, Cuiming Zhu, Tianyuan Zhang, Qi Tian, Nu Zhang, Sandra Morrison, Richard Morrison, Min Xue, Guangming Zhong
  • Host Response and Inflammation
    Tpl2 Promotes Innate Cell Recruitment and Effector T Cell Differentiation To Limit Citrobacter rodentium Burden and Dissemination
    Nicole V. Acuff, Xin Li, Krishna Latha, Tamas Nagy, Wendy T. Watford

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