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Infection and Immunity
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Lyme disease

  • The BB0345 Hypothetical Protein of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Borrelia burgdorferi</span> Is Essential for Mammalian Infection
    Molecular Pathogenesis | Spotlight
    The BB0345 Hypothetical Protein of Borrelia burgdorferi Is Essential for Mammalian Infection

    During the natural enzootic life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi (also known as Borreliella burgdorferi), the bacteria must sense conditions within the vertebrate and arthropod and appropriately regulate expression of genes necessary to persist within these distinct environments. bb0345 of...

    Danielle E. Graham, Ashley M. Groshong, Clay D. Jackson-Litteken, Brendan P. Moore, Melissa J. Caimano, Jon S. Blevins
  • Regulatory T Cells Contribute to Resistance against Lyme Arthritis
    Host Response and Inflammation | Spotlight
    Regulatory T Cells Contribute to Resistance against Lyme Arthritis

    The symptoms of Lyme disease are caused by inflammation induced by species of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The various presentations of Lyme disease in the population suggest that differences exist in the intensity and regulation of the host response to the spirochete. Previous work has described correlations between the presence of regulatory...

    Emily M. Siebers, Elizabeth S. Liedhegner, Michael W. Lawlor, Ronald F. Schell, Dean T. Nardelli
  • The Lon-1 Protease Is Required by <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Borrelia burgdorferi</span> To Infect the Mammalian Host
    Molecular Pathogenesis
    The Lon-1 Protease Is Required by Borrelia burgdorferi To Infect the Mammalian Host

    Borrelia burgdorferi encodes a functional homolog of canonical Lon protease termed Lon-2. In addition, B. burgdorferi encodes a second Lon homolog called Lon-1. Recent studies suggest that Lon-1 may function differently from the prototypical Lon protease. However, the function of Lon-1 in...

    Christina Thompson, Charlotte Mason, Shidoya Parrilla, Zhiming Ouyang
  • The Factor H-Binding Site of CspZ as a Protective Target against Multistrain, Tick-Transmitted Lyme Disease
    Microbial Immunity and Vaccines
    The Factor H-Binding Site of CspZ as a Protective Target against Multistrain, Tick-Transmitted Lyme Disease

    The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is the causative agent of Lyme disease (LD). The spirochetes produce the CspZ protein that binds to a complement regulator, factor H (FH). Such binding downregulates activation of host complement to facilitate spirochete evasion of complement killing. However, vaccination with CspZ does not protect against LD...

    Ashley L. Marcinkiewicz, Ilva Lieknina, Xiuli Yang, Patricia L. Lederman, Thomas M. Hart, Jennifer Yates, Wen-Hsiang Chen, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Nicholas J. Mantis, Peter Kraiczy, Utpal Pal, Kaspars Tars, Yi-Pin Lin
  • Delineating Surface Epitopes of Lyme Disease Pathogen Targeted by Highly Protective Antibodies of New Zealand White Rabbits
    Microbial Immunity and Vaccines
    Delineating Surface Epitopes of Lyme Disease Pathogen Targeted by Highly Protective Antibodies of New Zealand White Rabbits

    Lyme disease (LD), the most prevalent vector-borne illness in the United States and Europe, is caused by Borreliella burgdorferi. No vaccine is available for humans. Dogmatically, B. burgdorferi can establish a persistent infection in the mammalian host (e.g., mice) due to a surface antigen, VlsE....

    Artem S. Rogovskyy, Salvador Eugenio C. Caoili, Yurij Ionov, Helen Piontkivska, Pavel Skums, Viachaslau Tsyvina, Alex Zelikovsky, Suryakant D. Waghela
  • New Zealand White Rabbits Effectively Clear <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Borrelia burgdorferi</span> B31 despite the Bacterium’s Functional <em>vlsE</em> Antigenic Variation System
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    New Zealand White Rabbits Effectively Clear Borrelia burgdorferi B31 despite the Bacterium’s Functional vlsE Antigenic Variation System

    Borrelia burgdorferi is a tick-borne bacterium responsible for approximately 300,000 annual cases of Lyme disease (LD) in the United States, with increasing incidences in other parts of the world. The debilitating nature of LD is mainly attributed to the ability of B. burgdorferi to persist in...

    Maliha Batool, Andrew E. Hillhouse, Yurij Ionov, Kelli J. Kochan, Fatemeh Mohebbi, George Stoica, David W. Threadgill, Alex Zelikovsky, Suryakant D. Waghela, Dominique J. Wiener, Artem S. Rogovskyy
  • Open Access
    Tracking of <em>Borrelia afzelii</em> Transmission from Infected <em>Ixodes ricinus</em> Nymphs to Mice
    Bacterial Infections
    Tracking of Borrelia afzelii Transmission from Infected Ixodes ricinus Nymphs to Mice

    Quantitative and microscopic tracking of Borrelia afzelii transmission from infected Ixodes ricinus nymphs has shown a transmission cycle different from that of Borrelia burgdorferi and...

    Tereza Pospisilova, Veronika Urbanova, Ondrej Hes, Petr Kopacek, Ondrej Hajdusek, Radek Sima
  • <em>Borrelia burgdorferi bbk13</em> Is Critical for Spirochete Population Expansion in the Skin during Early Infection
    Bacterial Infections | Spotlight
    Borrelia burgdorferi bbk13 Is Critical for Spirochete Population Expansion in the Skin during Early Infection

    Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted via the bite of an infected tick. B. burgdorferi enters the skin, disseminates via the bloodstream, and infects various distal tissues, leading to inflammatory sequelae, such as Lyme arthritis and Lyme carditis.

    ...
    George F. Aranjuez, Hunter W. Kuhn, Philip P. Adams, Mollie W. Jewett
  • Bacterial Infections
    Short-Chain Fatty Acids Alter Metabolic and Virulence Attributes of Borrelia burgdorferi

    Borrelia burgdorferi responds to a variety of host-derived factors and appropriately alters its gene expression for adaptation under different host-specific conditions. We previously showed that various levels of acetate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), altered the protein profile of B. burgdorferi...

    Ying-Han Lin, Yue Chen, Trever C. Smith, S. L. Rajasekhar Karna, J. Seshu
  • Microbial Immunity and Vaccines
    Identification of Surface Epitopes Associated with Protection against Highly Immune-Evasive VlsE-Expressing Lyme Disease Spirochetes

    The tick-borne pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi is responsible for approximately 300,000 Lyme disease (LD) cases per year in the United States. Recent increases in the number of LD cases, in addition to the spread of the tick vector and a lack of a vaccine, highlight an urgent need for designing and developing an efficacious LD vaccine.

    Maliha Batool, Salvador Eugenio C. Caoili, Lawrence J. Dangott, Ekaterina Gerasimov, Yurij Ionov, Helen Piontkivska, Alex Zelikovsky, Suryakant D. Waghela, Artem S. Rogovskyy

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