Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Bacterial InfectionsMycobacterium tuberculosis LipE Has a Lipase/Esterase Activity and Is Important for Intracellular Growth and In Vivo InfectionMycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3775 (LipE) was annotated as a putative lipase. However, its lipase activity has never been characterized, and its precise role in tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis has not been thoroughly studied to date. We overexpressed and purified the recombinant LipE (rLipE) protein and demonstrated that LipE has a lipase/esterase activity. rLipE...
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesCurcumin Nanoparticles Enhance Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine Efficacy by Modulating Host Immune ResponsesTuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest diseases, causing ∼2 million deaths annually worldwide. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only TB vaccine in common use, is effective against disseminated and meningeal TB in young children but is not effective against adult pulmonary TB.
Host Response and InflammationToll-like Receptor 2 Prevents Neutrophil-Driven Immunopathology during Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Curtailing CXCL5 ProductionThe W-Beijing strain family is globally distributed and is associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and treatment failure. Therefore, in this study, we examined the contribution of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) to host resistance against Mycobacterium tuberculosis HN878, a clinical isolate belonging to the W-Beijing family.
Bacterial InfectionsRetention of EsxA in the Capsule-Like Layer of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Associated with Cytotoxicity and Is Counteracted by Lung SurfactantMycobacterium tuberculosis, the pathogen that causes tuberculosis, primarily infects macrophages but withstands the host cell’s bactericidal effects. EsxA, also called virulence factor 6-kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT-6), is involved in phagosomal rupture and cell death.
Bacterial InfectionsMycobacterium tuberculosis Requires Regulation of ESX-5 Secretion for Virulence in Irgm1-Deficient MiceThe Mycobacterium tuberculosis type VII secretion system ESX-5, which has been implicated in virulence, is activated at the transcriptional level by the phosphate starvation-responsive Pst/SenX3-RegX3 signal transduction system. Deletion of pstA1, which encodes a Pst phosphate transporter component, causes constitutive activation of the response regulator...
Molecular PathogenesisPPE37 Is Essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Heme-Iron Acquisition (HIA), and a Defective PPE37 in Mycobacterium bovis BCG Prevents HIAMycobacterium tuberculosis, one of the world’s leading causes of death, must acquire nutrients, such as iron, from the host to multiply and cause disease. Iron is an essential metal and M. tuberculosis possesses two different systems to acquire iron from its environment: siderophore-mediated iron...
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesPreexisting Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Increases Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in Mauritian Cynomolgus MacaquesTuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the leading cause of death among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. The precise mechanisms by which HIV impairs host resistance to a subsequent M. tuberculosis infection are unknown.
Host Response and InflammationLimited Pulmonary Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cell Accumulation and Activation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Rhesus MacaquesMucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAITs) are positioned in airways and may be important in the pulmonary cellular immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, particularly prior to priming of peptide-specific T cells. Accordingly, there is interest in the possibility that boosting MAITs through tuberculosis (TB) vaccination may enhance protection...
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular InteractionsPrimary Role of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 in Mycobacterium bovis BCG InfectionSuppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is a negative regulator of JAK/STAT signaling and is induced by mycobacterial infection. To understand the major function of SOCS1 during infection, we established a novel system in which recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin expressed dominant-negative SOCS1 (rBCG-SOCS1DN) because it would not affect the...
Host Response and InflammationMycobacterium tuberculosis Lipoprotein and Lipoglycan Binding to Toll-Like Receptor 2 Correlates with Agonist Activity and Functional OutcomesMycobacterium tuberculosis causes persistent infection due to its ability to evade host immune responses. M. tuberculosis induces Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling, which influences immune responses to M. tuberculosis.
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