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Infection and Immunity
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  • Identification of Autophagy-Inhibiting Factors of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> by High-Throughput Loss-of-Function Screening
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Identification of Autophagy-Inhibiting Factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by High-Throughput Loss-of-Function Screening

    The interaction of host cells with mycobacteria is complex and can lead to multiple outcomes ranging from bacterial clearance to progressive or latent infection. Autophagy is recognized as one component of host cell responses that has an essential role in innate and adaptive immunity to intracellular bacteria. Many microbes, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, have...

    Emily J. Strong, Kristen L. Jurcic Smith, Neeraj K. Saini, Tony W. Ng, Steven A. Porcelli, Sunhee Lee
  • Fighting Persistence: How Chronic Infections with <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Evade T Cell-Mediated Clearance and New Strategies To Defeat Them
    Minireview
    Fighting Persistence: How Chronic Infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Evade T Cell-Mediated Clearance and New Strategies To Defeat Them

    Chronic bacterial infections are caused by pathogens that persist within their hosts and avoid clearance by the immune system. Treatment and/or detection of such pathogens is difficult, and the resulting pathologies are often deleterious or fatal. There is an urgent need to develop protective vaccines and host-directed therapies that synergize with antibiotics to prevent pathogen persistence and infection-associated pathologies. However...

    Laurisa Ankley, Sean Thomas, Andrew J. Olive
  • The ESX-1 Virulence Factors Downregulate miR-147-3p in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium marinum</span>-Infected Macrophages
    Molecular Pathogenesis
    The ESX-1 Virulence Factors Downregulate miR-147-3p in Mycobacterium marinum-Infected Macrophages

    As important virulence factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, EsxA and EsxB not only play a role in phagosome rupture and M. tuberculosis cytosolic translocation but also function as modulators of host immune responses by modulating numerous microRNAs (miRNAs). Recently, we have found that...

    Xiaoshu Zuo, Lin Wang, Yanqing Bao, Jianjun Sun
  • Unraveling the Role of MicroRNAs in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Infection and Disease: Advances and Pitfalls
    Minireview
    Unraveling the Role of MicroRNAs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Disease: Advances and Pitfalls

    Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease of extremely high epidemiological burden worldwide that is easily acquired through the inhalation of infected respiratory droplets. The complex pathogenesis of this infection spans from subjects never developing this disease despite intense exposure, to others in which immune containment fails catastrophically and severe or disseminated forms of disease ensue.

    Cinthya Ruiz-Tagle, Rodrigo Naves, María Elvira Balcells
  • Open Access
    <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> LipE Has a Lipase/Esterase Activity and Is Important for Intracellular Growth and <em>In Vivo</em> Infection
    Bacterial Infections
    Mycobacterium tuberculosis LipE Has a Lipase/Esterase Activity and Is Important for Intracellular Growth and In Vivo Infection

    Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3775 (LipE) was annotated as a putative lipase. However, its lipase activity has never been characterized, and its precise role in tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis has not been thoroughly studied to date. We overexpressed and purified the recombinant LipE (rLipE) protein and demonstrated that LipE has a lipase/esterase activity. rLipE...

    Dong Yang, Shaoji Li, Jennifer Stabenow, Lillian Zalduondo, Ying Kong
  • Open Access
    Curcumin Nanoparticles Enhance <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium bovis</span> BCG Vaccine Efficacy by Modulating Host Immune Responses
    Microbial Immunity and Vaccines
    Curcumin Nanoparticles Enhance Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine Efficacy by Modulating Host Immune Responses

    Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest diseases, causing ∼2 million deaths annually worldwide. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only TB vaccine in common use, is effective against disseminated and meningeal TB in young children but is not effective against adult pulmonary TB.

    Shaheer Ahmad, Debapriya Bhattacharya, Santosh Kar, Anand Ranganathan, Luc Van Kaer, Gobardhan Das
  • Toll-like Receptor 2 Prevents Neutrophil-Driven Immunopathology during Infection with <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> by Curtailing CXCL5 Production
    Host Response and Inflammation
    Toll-like Receptor 2 Prevents Neutrophil-Driven Immunopathology during Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Curtailing CXCL5 Production

    The W-Beijing strain family is globally distributed and is associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and treatment failure. Therefore, in this study, we examined the contribution of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) to host resistance against Mycobacterium tuberculosis HN878, a clinical isolate belonging to the W-Beijing family.

    Archana Gopalakrishnan, Jillian Dietzold, Sheetal Verma, Madhuri Bhagavathula, Padmini Salgame
  • Retention of EsxA in the Capsule-Like Layer of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> Is Associated with Cytotoxicity and Is Counteracted by Lung Surfactant
    Bacterial Infections
    Retention of EsxA in the Capsule-Like Layer of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Associated with Cytotoxicity and Is Counteracted by Lung Surfactant

    Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the pathogen that causes tuberculosis, primarily infects macrophages but withstands the host cell’s bactericidal effects. EsxA, also called virulence factor 6-kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT-6), is involved in phagosomal rupture and cell death.

    Johanna Raffetseder, Nino Iakobachvili, Vesa Loitto, Peter J. Peters, Maria Lerm
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> Requires Regulation of ESX-5 Secretion for Virulence in Irgm1-Deficient Mice
    Bacterial Infections
    Mycobacterium tuberculosis Requires Regulation of ESX-5 Secretion for Virulence in Irgm1-Deficient Mice

    The Mycobacterium tuberculosis type VII secretion system ESX-5, which has been implicated in virulence, is activated at the transcriptional level by the phosphate starvation-responsive Pst/SenX3-RegX3 signal transduction system. Deletion of pstA1, which encodes a Pst phosphate transporter component, causes constitutive activation of the response regulator...

    Sarah R. Elliott, Dylan W. White, Anna D. Tischler
  • PPE37 Is Essential for <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> Heme-Iron Acquisition (HIA), and a Defective PPE37 in <em>Mycobacterium bovis</em> BCG Prevents HIA
    Molecular Pathogenesis
    PPE37 Is Essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Heme-Iron Acquisition (HIA), and a Defective PPE37 in Mycobacterium bovis BCG Prevents HIA

    Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of the world’s leading causes of death, must acquire nutrients, such as iron, from the host to multiply and cause disease. Iron is an essential metal and M. tuberculosis possesses two different systems to acquire iron from its environment: siderophore-mediated iron...

    Michael V. Tullius, Susana Nava, Marcus A. Horwitz

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