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Infection and Immunity
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neutrophil

  • Interleukin-8 Receptor 2 (IL-8R2)-Deficient Mice Are More Resistant to Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis than Control Mice
    Fungal and Parasitic Infections
    Interleukin-8 Receptor 2 (IL-8R2)-Deficient Mice Are More Resistant to Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis than Control Mice

    The pathology of human coccidioidomycosis is granulomatous inflammation with many neutrophils surrounding ruptured spherules, but the chemotactic pathways that draw neutrophils into the infected tissues are not known. We previously showed that formalin-killed spherules (FKS) stimulate mouse macrophages to secret macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), which suggested that CXC ELR+ chemokines might be involved in neutrophil...

    Aaron F. Carlin, Suganya Viriyakosol, Sharon Okamoto, Lorraine Walls, Joshua Fierer
  • Cigarette Smoke Exposure Promotes Virulence of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> and Induces Resistance to Neutrophil Killing
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Cigarette Smoke Exposure Promotes Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Induces Resistance to Neutrophil Killing

    It is widely known that cigarette smoke damages host defenses and increases susceptibility to bacterial infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium that commonly colonizes the airways of smokers and patients with chronic lung disease, can cause pneumonia and sepsis and can trigger exacerbations of lung diseases....

    Jason Chien, John H. Hwang, Sedtavut Nilaad, Jorge A. Masso-Silva, Sae Jeong Ahn, Elisa K. McEachern, Alexander Moshensky, Min-Kwang Byun, Laura E. Crotty Alexander
  • Leukocidins and the Nuclease Nuc Prevent Neutrophil-Mediated Killing of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span> Biofilms
    Bacterial Infections
    Leukocidins and the Nuclease Nuc Prevent Neutrophil-Mediated Killing of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

    Bacterial biofilms are linked with chronic infections and have properties distinct from those of planktonic, single-celled bacteria. The virulence mechanisms associated with Staphylococcus aureus biofilms are becoming better understood. Human neutrophils are critical for the innate immune response to S....

    Mohini Bhattacharya, Evelien T. M. Berends, Xuhui Zheng, Preston J. Hill, Rita Chan, Victor J. Torres, Daniel J. Wozniak
  • Survival of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus suis</span> in Porcine Blood Is Limited by the Antibody- and Complement-Dependent Oxidative Burst Response of Granulocytes
    Host Response and Inflammation
    Survival of Streptococcus suis in Porcine Blood Is Limited by the Antibody- and Complement-Dependent Oxidative Burst Response of Granulocytes

    Bacteremia is a hallmark of invasive Streptococcus suis infections of pigs, often leading to septicemia, meningitis, or arthritis. An important defense mechanism of neutrophils is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we report high levels of ROS production by blood granulocytes after intravenous infection of a pig with high levels of...

    Viktoria Rungelrath, Sophie Öhlmann, Gottfried Alber, Wieland Schrödl, Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede, Nicole de Buhr, Alexander Martens, Christoph Georg Baums, Nicole Schütze
  • Open Access
    <span class="sc">l</span>-Serine Lowers the Inflammatory Responses during <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pasteurella multocida</span> Infection
    Host Response and Inflammation
    l-Serine Lowers the Inflammatory Responses during Pasteurella multocida Infection

    Pasteurella multocida causes a variety of infectious diseases in various species of mammals and birds, resulting in enormous economic loss to the modern livestock and poultry industry. However, the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction is unclear. Here, we found that l-serine levels were significantly decreased in murine lungs infected with...

    Fang He, Zheng Yin, Chenlu Wu, Yaoyao Xia, Miaomiao Wu, Pan Li, Huihui Zhang, Yuanyuan Yin, Nengzhang Li, Guoqiang Zhu, Wenkai Ren, Yuanyi Peng
  • Direct Microscopic Observation of Human Neutrophil-<span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span> Interaction <em>In Vitro</em> Suggests a Potential Mechanism for Initiation of Biofilm Infection on an Implanted Medical Device
    Bacterial Infections
    Direct Microscopic Observation of Human Neutrophil-Staphylococcus aureus Interaction In Vitro Suggests a Potential Mechanism for Initiation of Biofilm Infection on an Implanted Medical Device

    The ability of human neutrophils to clear newly attached Staphylococcus aureus bacteria from a serum-coated glass surface was examined in vitro using time-lapse confocal scanning laser microscopy. Quantitative image analysis was used to measure the temporal change in bacterial biomass, neutrophil motility, and fraction of the surface area policed by...

    Niranjan Ghimire, Brian A. Pettygrove, Kyler B. Pallister, James Stangeland, Shelby Stanhope, Isaac Klapper, Jovanka M. Voyich, Philip S. Stewart
  • Tissue Tropism in Streptococcal Infection: Wild-Type M1T1 Group A <em>Streptococcus</em> Is Efficiently Cleared by Neutrophils Using an NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Mechanism in the Lung but Not in the Skin
    Molecular Pathogenesis
    Tissue Tropism in Streptococcal Infection: Wild-Type M1T1 Group A Streptococcus Is Efficiently Cleared by Neutrophils Using an NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Mechanism in the Lung but Not in the Skin

    Group A Streptococcus (GAS) commonly causes pharyngitis and skin infections. Little is known why streptococcal pharyngitis usually does not lead to pneumonia and why the skin is a favorite niche for GAS. To partially address these questions, the effectiveness of neutrophils in clearing wild-type (wt) M1T1 GAS strain MGAS2221 from the lung and from the skin was examined in murine models of intratracheal pneumonia and...

    Benfang Lei, Dylan Minor, Wenchao Feng, Maria Jerome, Mark T. Quinn, Mark A. Jutila, Mengyao Liu
  • Novel Assay To Characterize Neutrophil Responses to Oral Biofilms
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Novel Assay To Characterize Neutrophil Responses to Oral Biofilms

    Neutrophils, the most numerous leukocytes, play an important role in maintaining oral health through interactions with oral microbial biofilms. Both neutrophil hyperactivity and the bacterial subversion of neutrophil responses can cause inflammation-mediated tissue damage like that seen in periodontal disease.

    Morvarid Oveisi, Harold Shifman, Noah Fine, Chunxiang Sun, Naomi Glogauer, Dilani Senadheera, Michael Glogauer
  • Fungal and Parasitic Infections
    TCRβ Combinatorial Immunoreceptor Expression by Neutrophils Correlates with Parasite Burden and Enhanced Phagocytosis during a Plasmodium berghei ANKA Malaria Infection
    Joanna K. Chorazeczewski, Maya Aleshnick, Victoria Majam, Winter A. Okoth, Regina Kurapova, Adovi Akue, Mark Kukuruga, Sanjai Kumar, Miranda S. Oakley
  • Bacterial Infections
    Role of Ethanolamine Utilization Genes in Host Colonization during Urinary Tract Infection
    Anna Sintsova, Sara Smith, Sargurunathan Subashchandrabose, Harry L. Mobley

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