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phagocytosis

  • Leukocidins and the Nuclease Nuc Prevent Neutrophil-Mediated Killing of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span> Biofilms
    Bacterial Infections
    Leukocidins and the Nuclease Nuc Prevent Neutrophil-Mediated Killing of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

    Bacterial biofilms are linked with chronic infections and have properties distinct from those of planktonic, single-celled bacteria. The virulence mechanisms associated with Staphylococcus aureus biofilms are becoming better understood. Human neutrophils are critical for the innate immune response to S....

    Mohini Bhattacharya, Evelien T. M. Berends, Xuhui Zheng, Preston J. Hill, Rita Chan, Victor J. Torres, Daniel J. Wozniak
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium abscessus</span> Clearance by Neutrophils Is Independent of Autophagy
    Host Response and Inflammation
    Mycobacterium abscessus Clearance by Neutrophils Is Independent of Autophagy

    Mycobacterium abscessus, a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium, is increasingly prevalent in chronic lung disease, including cystic fibrosis, and infections are characterized by neutrophil-dominated environments. However, mechanisms of immune control are poorly understood. Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic with immunomodulatory effects, is used to treat...

    Kerstin Pohl, Xue A. Grimm, Silvia M. Caceres, Katie R. Poch, Noel Rysavy, Milene Saavedra, Jerry A. Nick, Kenneth C. Malcolm
  • Biting Off What Can Be Chewed: Trogocytosis in Health, Infection, and Disease
    Minireview
    Biting Off What Can Be Chewed: Trogocytosis in Health, Infection, and Disease

    Trogocytosis is part of an emerging, exciting theme of cell-cell interactions both within and between species, and it is relevant to host-pathogen interactions in many different contexts. Trogocytosis is a process in which one cell physically extracts and ingests “bites” of cellular material from another cell. It was first described in eukaryotic microbes, where it was uncovered as a mechanism by which amoebae kill cells. Trogocytosis...

    Akhila Bettadapur, Hannah W. Miller, Katherine S. Ralston
  • Opsonophagocytosis of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Chlamydia pneumoniae</span> by Human Monocytes and Neutrophils
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Opsonophagocytosis of Chlamydia pneumoniae by Human Monocytes and Neutrophils

    The human respiratory tract pathogen Chlamydia pneumoniae, which causes mild to severe infections, has been associated with the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. To understand the biology of C. pneumoniae infections, several studies have investigated the interaction between...

    Mads Lausen, Mathilde Selmar Pedersen, Nareen Sherzad Kader Rahman, Liv Therese Holm-Nielsen, Faduma Yahya Mohamed Farah, Gunna Christiansen, Svend Birkelund
  • Distinct Contributions of CD18 Integrins for Binding and Phagocytic Internalization of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span>
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Distinct Contributions of CD18 Integrins for Binding and Phagocytic Internalization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

    Phagocytosis is the key mechanism for host control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a motile Gram-negative, opportunistic bacterial pathogen which frequently undergoes adaptation and selection for traits that are advantageous for survival. One such clinically relevant adaptation is the loss of bacterial motility, observed within chronic infections, that is associated with...

    Sally Demirdjian, Daniel Hopkins, Nadia Cumbal, Craig T. Lefort, Brent Berwin
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> ExsA Regulates a Metalloprotease, ImpA, That Inhibits Phagocytosis of Macrophages
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExsA Regulates a Metalloprotease, ImpA, That Inhibits Phagocytosis of Macrophages

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium whose type III secretion system (T3SS) plays a critical role in acute infections. Translocation of the T3SS effectors into host cells induces cytotoxicity. In addition, the T3SS promotes the intracellular growth of P. aeruginosa during...

    Zhenyang Tian, Sen Cheng, Bin Xia, Yongxin Jin, Fang Bai, Zhihui Cheng, Shouguang Jin, Xiaoyun Liu, Weihui Wu
  • Role of Toll-Like Receptor 5 (TLR5) in Experimental Melioidosis
    Host Response and Inflammation
    Role of Toll-Like Receptor 5 (TLR5) in Experimental Melioidosis

    The Gram-negative intracellular pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an important cause of sepsis in Southeast Asia. Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is essential for an appropriate immune response during pathogen invasion. In patients with melioidosis, TLR5 is the most abundantly...

    Emma Birnie, Tassili A. F. Weehuizen, Jacqueline M. Lankelma, Hanna K. de Jong, Gavin C. K. W. Koh, Miriam H. P. van Lieshout, Joris J. T. H. Roelofs, Andries E. Budding, Alex F. de Vos, Tom van der Poll, W. Joost Wiersinga
  • Methamphetamine Impairs IgG1-Mediated Phagocytosis and Killing of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Cryptococcus neoformans</span> by J774.16 Macrophage- and NR-9640 Microglia-Like Cells
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Methamphetamine Impairs IgG1-Mediated Phagocytosis and Killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by J774.16 Macrophage- and NR-9640 Microglia-Like Cells

    The prevalence of methamphetamine (METH) use is estimated at ∼35 million people worldwide, with over 10 million users in the United States. Chronic METH abuse and dependence predispose the users to participate in risky behaviors that may result in the acquisition of HIV and AIDS-related infections.

    Lilit Aslanyan, Hiu H. Lee, Vaibhav V. Ekhar, Raddy L. Ramos, Luis R. Martinez
  • Open Access
    Bacterial Clearance Is Enhanced by α2,3- and α2,6-Sialyllactose via Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis and Phagocytosis
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Bacterial Clearance Is Enhanced by α2,3- and α2,6-Sialyllactose via Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis and Phagocytosis

    Sialyllactose (SL) is a representative human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) of human breast milk. The roles of SL in infant brain development and immunity have been reported in previous studies.

    Jimin Kim, Yong-Jae Kim, Jae Wha Kim
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Candida albicans</span> Ras1 Inactivation Increases Resistance to Phagosomal Killing by Human Neutrophils
    Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions
    Candida albicans Ras1 Inactivation Increases Resistance to Phagosomal Killing by Human Neutrophils

    Host phagocytic cells are crucial players in initial defense against Candida albicans infection. C. albicans utilizes MAP kinases and Ras1 stress response signaling pathways to protect itself from killing by immune cells.

    Ornella Salvatori, Ruvini U. Pathirana, Jason G. Kay, Mira Edgerton

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