vaccine
Microbial Immunity and Vaccines | SpotlightSalmonella Paratyphi A Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying Vi Polysaccharide as a Multivalent Vaccine against Enteric FeverTyphoid and paratyphoid fevers have a high incidence worldwide and coexist in many geographical areas, especially in low-middle-income countries (LMIC) in South and Southeast Asia. There is extensive consensus on the urgent need for better and affordable vaccines against systemic Salmonella infections.
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesEstablishment and Validation of Pathogenic CS17+ and CS19+ Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Challenge Models in the New World Primate Aotus nancymaaeEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common cause of diarrheal illness in the military, travelers, and children living in low- to-middle income countries. Increased antibiotic resistance, the absence of a licensed vaccine, and the lack of broadly practical therapeutics perpetuate the significant health and financial burden resulting from ETEC infection.
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Microbial Immunity and Vaccines | SpotlightChlamydia-Specific IgA Secretion in the Female Reproductive Tract Induced via Per-Oral Immunization Confers Protection against Primary Chlamydia ChallengeChlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen that causes sexually transmitted disease. In women, chlamydial infections may cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. The role of antibodies in protection against a primary Chlamydia infection is unclear and was a focus of this work. Using the...
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesEvaluation of the Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of an Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli CFA/I Adhesin–Heat-Labile Toxin ChimeraRecent efforts to develop an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) vaccine have focused on the antigenically conserved tip adhesins of colonization factors. We showed previously that intranasal immunization with dsc19CfaE, a soluble variant of the in cis donor strand-complemented tip adhesin of a colonization factor of the class 5 family (CFA/I)...
Fungal and Parasitic InfectionsImportance of the Immunodominant CD8+ T Cell Epitope of Plasmodium berghei Circumsporozoite Protein in Parasite- and Vaccine-Induced ProtectionThe circumsporozoite protein (CSP) builds up the surface coat of sporozoites and is the leading malaria pre-erythrocytic-stage vaccine candidate. CSP has been shown to induce robust CD8+ T cell responses that are capable of eliminating developing parasites in hepatocytes, resulting in protective immunity. In this study, we characterized the importance of the immunodominant CSP-derived epitope SYIPSAEKI of...
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesVaccination with Secreted Aspartyl Proteinase 2 Protein from Candida parapsilosis Can Enhance Survival of Mice during C. tropicalis-Mediated Systemic CandidiasisThe rising incidence of non-albicans Candida species globally, along with the emergence of drug resistance, is a cause for concern. This study investigated the protective efficacy of secreted aspartyl proteinase 2 (Sap2) in systemic C. tropicalis infection. Vaccination with recombinant Sap2 (rSap2) protein from...
Cellular Microbiology: Pathogen-Host Cell Molecular Interactions | SpotlightImmunization against Anaplasma phagocytophilum Adhesin Binding Domains Confers Protection against Infection in the Mouse ModelAnaplasma phagocytophilum causes granulocytic anaplasmosis, a debilitating infection that can be fatal in the immunocompromised. It also afflicts animals, including dogs, horses, and sheep. No granulocytic anaplasmosis vaccine exists. Because A. phagocytophilum is an obligate intracellular bacterium...
Bacterial InfectionsNontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Type IV Pilus Mediates Augmented Adherence to Rhinovirus-Infected Human Airway Epithelial CellsHuman rhinovirus (hRV) is frequently detected in the upper respiratory tract, and symptomatic infection is associated with an increased nasopharyngeal bacterial load, with subsequent development of secondary bacterial diseases. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a commensal bacterial species of the human nasopharynx; however, in the context of prior or...
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesProgress towards the Development of a NEAT Vaccine for Anthrax II: Immunogen Specificity and Alum Effectiveness in an Inhalational ModelBacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax disease, presents with high mortality, and has been at the center of bioweapon efforts. The only currently U.S. FDA-approved vaccine to prevent anthrax in humans is anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA), which is protective in several animal models and induces neutralizing antibodies against protective antigen (PA), the...
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesThe Factor H-Binding Site of CspZ as a Protective Target against Multistrain, Tick-Transmitted Lyme DiseaseThe spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is the causative agent of Lyme disease (LD). The spirochetes produce the CspZ protein that binds to a complement regulator, factor H (FH). Such binding downregulates activation of host complement to facilitate spirochete evasion of complement killing. However, vaccination with CspZ does not protect against LD...