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Fungal and Parasitic InfectionsCombining Monophosphoryl Lipid A (MPL), CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), and QS-21 Adjuvants Induces Strong and Persistent Functional Antibodies and T Cell Responses against Cell-Traversal Protein for Ookinetes and Sporozoites (CelTOS) of Plasmodium falciparum in BALB/c MicePlasmodium falciparum cell-traversal protein for ookinetes and sporozoites (PfCelTOS) is an advanced vaccine candidate that has a crucial role in the traversal of the malaria parasite in both mosquito and mammalian hosts. As recombinant purified proteins are normally poor immunogens, they require to be admixed with an adjuvant(s); therefore, the objective of the...
Bacterial InfectionsThe NOD-scid IL2rγnull Mouse Model Is Suitable for the Study of Osteoarticular Brucellosis and Vaccine SafetyOsteoarticular brucellosis is the most common complication in Brucella-infected humans regardless of age, sex, or immune status. The mechanism of bone destruction caused by Brucella species remained partially unknown due to the lack of a suitable animal model.
Bacterial InfectionsTracking of Borrelia afzelii Transmission from Infected Ixodes ricinus Nymphs to MiceQuantitative and microscopic tracking of Borrelia afzelii transmission from infected Ixodes ricinus nymphs has shown a transmission cycle different from that of Borrelia burgdorferi and...
Bacterial InfectionsA Genomic Approach To Identify Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii Strains with Enhanced Competitive Fitness in the Lungs during Multistrain PneumoniaMicrobial competition is most often studied at the genus or species level, but interstrain competition has been less thoroughly examined. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogen in the context of hospital-acquired pneumonia, and a better understanding of strain competition in the lungs could explain why some strains of this bacterium are more frequently...
Host Response and InflammationThe Rate of CD4 T Cell Entry into the Lungs during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Is Determined by Partial and Opposing Effects of Multiple Chemokine ReceptorsThe specific chemokine receptors utilized by Th1 cells to migrate into the lung during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection are unknown. We previously showed in mice that CXCR3+ Th1 cells enter the lung parenchyma and suppress M. tuberculosis growth, while CX3CR1+ KLRG1+...
MinireviewTransmission-Blocking Vaccines: Old Friends and New ProspectsIn the progression of the life cycle of Plasmodium falciparum, a small proportion of asexual parasites differentiate into male or female sexual forms called gametocytes. Just like their asexual counterparts, gametocytes are contained within the infected host’s erythrocytes (RBCs).
Molecular GenomicsEpigenetic Changes Induced by Bacteroides fragilis ToxinEnterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is a Gram-negative, obligate anaerobe member of the gut microbial community in up to 40% of healthy individuals. This bacterium is found more frequently in people with colorectal cancer (CRC) and causes tumor formation in the distal colon of multiple intestinal neoplasia (Apcmin/+) mice; tumor formation...
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesIdentification of Conserved Candidate Vaccine Antigens in the Surface Proteome of Giardia lambliaGiardia lamblia, one of the most common protozoal infections of the human intestine, is an important worldwide cause of diarrheal disease, malabsorption, malnutrition, delayed cognitive development in children, and protracted postinfectious syndromes. Despite its medical importance, no human vaccine is available against giardiasis.
Microbial Immunity and VaccinesGroup A Streptococcus T Antigens Have a Highly Conserved Structure Concealed under a Heterogeneous Surface That Has Implications for Vaccine DesignGroup A Streptococcus (GAS) (Streptococcus pyogenes) is an important human pathogen associated with significant global morbidity and mortality for which there is no safe and efficacious vaccine. The T antigen, a protein that polymerizes to form the backbone of the GAS pilus structure, is a potential vaccine candidate.
